notes.chap15

World Climates & Vegetation
Chapter 15

Koppen Climate Classification
- Classification Scheme
- Climate Types & Vegetation Communities (MS word file)
Tropical Wet (Af) Climates
- Map of A Climates
- Af - Iquitos, Peru; Am -Monrovia, Liberia; Aw - Normanton, Australia (graphs)
- Hourly Rainfall Distribution for Kuala Lumpur
- Seasonal migration of the ITCZ (graphic, animation)
Arid & Semi-Arid (BW, BS) Climates
- Example Desert Temperature Min/Max
- Map of B Climates
- World Map
- Cairo, Egypt; Monterey, Mexico (BWh, BSh) (graphs)
- Lovelock, Nevada; Semipalatinsk, Russia (BWk, BSk) (graphs)
- US Annual Number of Clear Days
- Aral Sea Map
- Change in Aral Sea Shoreline
- Rain Shadow Deserts
Mid-Latitude C Climates
- Map of C Climates
- Guangzhou, China; Sitka Alaska; Capetown, South Africa (C Climates)
D Climates
- Map of D Climates
- Chicago, Ill and Moose Factory, Ontaria (Dfa, Dfc) Climate Graphs
- Summer-Winter Temperature Gradients
- Point Barrow, Alaska and Eismite, Greenland (ET, EF) Climate Graphs
- Distribution of Permafrost in the Northern Hemisphere
- Influence of Elevation on Climate
Climate Graphs
World Vegetation
- How Temperature and Precipitation Affect Ecosystems
  - Block diagram with ecosystems
  - Temperature vs Precipitation Biome Graph
- Rainforest
  - Rainforest World Map
  - Introduction
  - Vegetation
  - Soils
  - Rondonia, Brazil Forest Clearing (June, 1975; August 1986; June, 1992)
  - Rainforest Pictures
- Desert
  - Potential Evapotranspiration vs Actual Evapotranspiration
  - Vegetation
  - Soils
  - Desert Temperature Examples
  - Sonoran Desert (1, 2)
  - Sonoran Desert (close up)
  - Cold Desert
  - Desert in Bloom
- Grasslands
  - What are grasses? Most economically important plant family.
    - Between 9,000 - 10,000 annual and perennial species.
    - Structure of a grass plant.
    - Grass examples:
      - Annual cool season grasses:
        
        wheat, rye, oats
      - Perennial cool season grasses:
        
        fescue, Kentucky Bluegrass, perennial ryegrass
      - Annual warm season grasses:
        
        corn
      - Perennial warm season grasses:
        
        big bluestem, bermudagrass, swtichgrass
  - Grassland Types
  - Tropical Savanas - associated with Aw climates (map with climate data)
    - Pictures
  - Midlatitude Grasslands
    - Mid-latitude Grasslands World Map & Climate Graphs
    - North American Grasslands Map
    - Pictures:
      - North American Prairie (1, 2)
      - Kansas Grassland
Mid-Latitude Forests
- Midlatitude Broadleaf and Mixed Forest
  - World Map
  - Eastern Deciduous Forest Old Growth
  - Temperate forest in summer
  - Temperate forest in winter
  - Tree species of Eastern Deciduous Forest:
    - northern locations: oak(1), hickory, chestnut
    - southern locations: oak, hickory, southern pine, cypress, sassafras
  - ground covers:
    - Trillium
- Taiga or Boreal Forest
- Sclerophyll Forest (Mediterranean Shrubland)
  - Local Names for Sclerophyll Forest
  - World Map
  - Chaparral in California
  - Example Trees
    - cork oak
    - cork oak (being harvested: 1, 2, 3, 4)
Tundra
- Biome Map
- Tundra Vegetation, Colorado Rockies
- Arctic Tundra (1, 2, 3)
- Alaskan Pipeline (1, 2)
- Alaskan Tundra Wildflowers (1, 2)
- Alpine Tundra Conditions
- Tundra soil peeled back to permafrost
- Tundra Vegetation Close up
- Vertical Zonation of Vegetation